海岸带沉积物环境中甲烷代谢茵的富集培养及混合茵群分析     

于丽波  姜丽晶  汤熙翔 《台湾海峡》2011,30(3):386-393

结合Hungate无氧分离技术,对海岸带沉积物中甲烷代谢菌进行了富集培养,分别为珠江口的甲烷产生菌和九龙江口的甲烷氧化菌及其他甲基氧化菌．其研究结果表明：在珠江口淇澳岛海岸带沉积物中,甲烷八叠球菌属（Methanosarcina）为优势菌株,分布于沉积物的上、中、下3个层位,并发现了部分序列与不可培养的泉古菌门（Crcnarchaeota）的杂色泉古菌（miscellaneouscrenarchaeoticgroup,MCG）的相似度为90％～99％．在九龙江口的海岸带沉积物环境中,噬甲基菌属（Methylophaga）为优势菌群,在富集产物菌群多样性中占60％～99％;还有一些相似度较低（为95％～97％）的菌群,为潜在的新种．  相似文献   

共培养条件下强壮前沟藻与中肋骨条藻的相互作用          下载免费PDF全文

冀晓青  韩笑天  郑立  白洁  俞志明 《海洋学报》2011,33(1):146-152

半连续条件下研究了强壮前沟藻与中肋骨条藻不同接种密度下种间的相互作用,按照以下条件:(1)1×10<'4>个/cm<'3>强壮前沟藻与1×10<'4>个/cm<'3>中肋骨条藻;(2)1×10<'4>个/cm<'3>强壮前沟藻与5×10<'4>个/cm<'3>中肋骨条藻;(3)1×10<'4>个/cm<'3>强壮前沟藻...  相似文献   

Tidal flushing time of marine fish culture zones in Hong Kong     

毛劲乔  黄子文  李行伟  蔡景华 《中国海洋工程》2011,25(4):625-643

Accurate determination of flushing time is crucial for maintaining sustainable production in fish culture zones(FCZs),as it represents the physical self-purification capability via tidal exchange with clean water in the outer sea.However,owing to the temporal and spatial complexity of the coastal flushing process,existing methods for determining flushing time may not be generally applicable.In this paper,a systematic method for determining the flushing time in FCZs is presented,in which bathymetry,runoff,tidal range and stratification are properly accounted for.We determine the flushing time via numerical tracer experiments,using robust 3D hydrodynamic and mass transport models.For FCZs located in sheltered and land-locked tidal inlets,the system boundary can be naturally defined at the connection with the open sea.For FCZs located in open waters,hydrodynamic tracking is first used to assess the extent of tidal excursion and thus delimit the initial boundary between clean water and polluted water.This general method is applied to all designated marine FCZs in Hong Kong for both the dry and wet seasons,including 20 sheltered FCZs(in semi-enclosed waters of Tolo Harbour,Mirs Bay,and Port Shelter) and 6 FCZs in open waters.Our results show that flushing time is the longest in inner Port Shelter(about 40 days in dry season),and the shortest for the FCZs in open waters(less than one week in dry season).In addition,the flushing time in dry season is commonly longer than that in wet season:20%~40% for most well-sheltered FCZs;2.6~4 times for the others.Our results indicate a positive correlation between the flushing time and distance to open boundary,supporting the view that the flushing time of a FCZ is closely related to its location.This study provides a solid basis for mariculture management such as the determination of carrying capacity of FCZs.  相似文献   

柘林湾网箱鱼类养殖环境氮磷负何研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

靳祖雷  许忠能  林小涛  马叶胜  杨远航 《海洋科学》2011,35(4):55-60

通过建立模型估算了柘林湾网箱养殖因投饵所产生的环境氮磷总负荷及不同来源、形式的氮磷负荷组成.结果显示,2006年柘林湾网箱养殖因投喂冰鲜鱼饵料产生的氮负荷为2760.39t、磷负荷为679.11t,其中残饵氮1695.24 t,占氮负荷的61.4%,残饵磷441.36 t,占磷负荷的65.0%,残饵是构成氮磷负荷的主要...  相似文献   

浙南海域腹泻性贝毒分析   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

张树刚  邹清  陈雷  郜钧璋 《海洋科学》2011,35(1):44-47

在浙南海域共采集了10种贝类40份样品.运用高效液相色谱方法检测腹泻性贝毒,共检出 9份样品含有腹泻性贝毒.染毒样品检出的腹泻性贝毒(软海绵酸,OA)质量比为0.07～5.85 μg/g,共有7个样品含量超标,超标率为17.5%.无论是检出率还是超标率,都呈现夏季>春季>秋季的规律.浙南海域的南部腹泻性贝毒检出率和超标...  相似文献   

海洋贝类附生细菌区系分析及弧菌拮抗菌的筛选     

张柯  丁翠玲  张栋 《海洋科学》2011,35(7):26-29

对中国威海近海海域的紫贻贝、牡蛎、花蛤、毛蛤、扇贝、海兔等6种海洋贝类的附生细菌进行了分离培养,筛选得到100株细菌。从中选出45株有代表性的菌株,克隆其16SrDNA序列,进行分子鉴定。结果表明,这些细菌分布在 Arthrobacter, Bacillus, Bizionia, Brevundimonas, Cell...  相似文献   

累积性环境污染因子在海洋贝类体内的生物累积研究进展     

沈新强  李磊 《海洋湖沼通报》2011,(2)

在人类的生产生活过程中,排出的各种废弃物通过各种途径进入并在海洋累积起来,使海 洋中的贝类生存环境日趋恶化.本文根据国内外关于环境污染因子在海洋贝类体内的生物累积方面的研究成果,介绍累积性环境污染因子(重金属、石油烃、典型有机物)在贝类体内的生物累积(包括吸收,转运,累积等生理过程)以及毒理危害的研究进展.  相似文献   

不同养殖密度对我国热带地区集约化养殖凡纳滨对虾水质和成活率的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张吕平  胡超群  沈琪  任春华 《热带海洋学报》2011,(4)

报道了在我国热带地区集约化养殖凡纳滨对虾Litopenaeus vannamei不同放养密度下水体pH值、溶解氧(DO)、总碱度(TA)、化学需氧量(COD)、生物化学需氧量(BOD)、硫化氢(H2S)、亚硝酸态氮(NO2-NT)、氨态氮(NH4-NT)及弧菌活菌总浓度(Concentration of Live Vibrio,CLV)的变化特征及其与对虾死亡之间的关系,并比较了70、100、120、150尾.m-2不同养殖密度下的养殖成活率。通过几种主要水质因子变化与对虾死亡数之间的相关性分析,结果表明,DO、H2S、NO2-NT、NH4-NT和CLV等5种水质指标与对虾大量死亡存在显著的线性相关,其中DO为负相关,其余为正相关。而pH、TA、COD、BOD与对虾死亡数无显著相关性。4种养殖密度下的成活率分别为80.44%、75.16%、51.74%和44.43%。建议我国热带地区集约化养殖凡纳滨对虾的合理密度为70—100尾.m-2。  相似文献   

Effects of nitrogen specification and culture method on growth of Enteromorpha prolifera     

���ƽ  ������ 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2011,29(4):874-882

Eutrophication, which is the enrichment of a water mass with inorganic and organic nutrients that support plant growth, is a key factor in stimulating phytoplankton growth. In this study, we determined the effects of various nitrogen sources, different nitrogen concentrations in the culture medium, and two culture methods on the growth of the green alga, Enteromorpha prolifera. The relationship between the specific growth rate of E. prolifera and NO3--N concentration was consistent with that estimated using the Monod equation (R2 = 0.9713, P < 0.01). In the NO3--N medium, the maximum specific growth rate was calculated to be 0.1634/d and the semi-saturation constant was calculated to be 16.86 μmol/L. Our results show that E. prolifera can effectively utilize NH4+-N, NO3--N, and NO2--N and urea-N in the range of 5 to 50 μmol/L. NH4+-N was preferentially assimilated by E. prolifera, and urea-N was favorable for long-term growth.  相似文献   

THE AVAILABILITY OF DISSOLVED ORGANIC PHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS TO MARINE PHYTOPLANKTON   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  

洪华生  王海黎  黄邦钦 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1995,13(2):169-176

The availability of three dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) compounds as nutrient sources for experimentalcultare of three algae was studied. Results indicated that these compounds could be utilized byalgae, and that dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) was first to be uptaken when various forms ofphosphorus (DIP and DOP) co-existed. Dicrateria zhanjiangensis' uptake of sodium glycerophosphatewas faster than that of D-ribose-5-phosphate. The increase of sodium glycerphosphate had little effecton the maximum uptake rate(V_(max)) of Chlorella sp., but increased the semisaturation constant(K_s) remarkably;the photosynthesis rates(PR) of Dicrateria zhanjiangensis and Chlorella sp. were rarely affected byusing various forms of phosphorus in the culture experiments. The possible DOP pathways utilizedby algae are discussed.  相似文献